1. Rough Iron (pig iron) or Steel Gubal
Molten iron from the furnace is called the base with a rough iron (pig iron). Rustic iron containing 95% iron, 34% of carbon, the rest in the form of phosphorus, silicon and manganese.
2. Cast Iron (cast iron) or cast iron
If the pig iron is made into forms it is called a cast iron or cast iron.
3. wrought iron (wrought iron)
iron containing carbon levels are quite low (0.05 – 0.2%). Wrought iron is quite soft for various equipment such as shoes, iron horse, the wheel bolt, nut, machete, hoes, and so on.
1. in order that iron can be converted into various kinds of forms, levels-of carbon in iron should be reduced. By heating iron, carbon is oxidized to CO2.
2. on the basis of a rough calculation, to produce a ton of iron needed:
a. Two tons of iron ore
b. a ton of Coke
c. Half tons of limestone
d. Five tons of hot air.

The Process Of Iron Processing

In general the process of iron from its ore processing can take place in the following order:
a. Material – material inserted into the furnace through the peak of the furnace.
Materials – these materials in the form of:
1. main Material i.e.) of iron ore in the form of Hematite (Fe2O3) mixed with sand (SiO2) and oxide-oxide acid (P2O5 and Al2O3). This rocks the rock – will be reduced.
2. Material – material reducing agent) in the form of Coke (carbon).
3. additional Material in the form of) limestone (CaCO3) which serve to bind the substance-substance of do pants.
b. heat is included at the bottom of the furnace causing Coke burning.
C (s) + O2 (g) CO2 (g) H =-394-j
The reaction is very exothermic (heat producing), as a result of heat liberated will raise the temperature of the bottom of the furnace to reach 1,900 o C.
c. CO2 ride through a layer of Coke’s hot and react to him again to form gas co.
CO2 (g) + C (s) 2 CO (g) H = + 175 kJ/mol
The reaction this time runs endothermic (requiring heat) so that the temperature of the furnace in that section to about 1,300 o C.
d. Gas CO., formed and Coke that is ready to reduce the ore of iron (Fe2O3). Reaktion this can take place in several stages, namely:
1.) on top of the furnace, Fe2O3 is reduced to Fe3O4 at 500o C.
2 Fe2O3 (s) + CO2 (g) 2 Fe3O4 (s) + CO2 (g)
2.) On the lower part, Fe3O4 formed will be reduced to FeO at 850o C.
Fe3O4 (s) + 3 CO2 (g) the natural occurring FeO (s) + CO2 (g)
3. On the larger) bottom again, FeO formed will be reduced to metallic iron at a temperature of 1,000 o C.
FeO (s) + CO2 (g) Fe (l) + CO2 (g)
e. liquid iron that form will flow down and flows at the base of the furnace.
f. whereas, in the central part of the furnace-high limestone decompose according to cause reactions:
CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
g. Later in basic furnaces CaO reacts with dopants and form a slag (slag), in the form of viscous fluid. His reaction as follows:
CaO (s) + SiO2 (s) CaSiO3 (l)
3 CaO (s) + P2O5 (g) Ca3 (PO4) 2 (l)
CaO (s) + Al2O3 (g) Ca (AlO2) 2 (l)
h. next, liquid iron down to the ground while the furnace slag (slag) that has a lower density molten iron daripaba will float on the surface and out on its own channel.

The process of processing iron ore to produce metallic iron made in furnaces blowhole (blast furnace). Furnace is a cylindrical tower-shaped blowhole of iron or steel with a height of about 30 meters and a diameter of the belly about eight meters. Due to the high tool, this tool is often also referred to as the blast furnace. Section – section of blast furnace is as follows:
a. The Summit called by Hopper, designed in such a way that the material – material that will be processed may be inserted and added all the time.
b. the bottom peak, had a hole to eject the results – the results in the form of gas.
c. the top from the base (approximately 3 feet from the base), there is a pipe-pipe which is connected with four furnace where air is heated (until the weather is a little over 1,100 o C). These hot air into the furnace where it through a pipe-pipe.
d. the bottom of the furnace, had two holes each – each one used for removing liquid iron and slag as the main results (slag) as a product.
Has done research on liquid waste processing industry with electromagnetism using batik method of iron as the electrode which aims to separate the color naftol of waste substances. During the process of metallic iron is capable of forming electromagnetism Fe (OH) 3, which serves as the adsorben hues, because substance floks Fe (OH) 3 is capable of color naftol adsorption substance so that substance colors can be separated from the waste. In the process of electromagnetism is done best conditions which include determination of potential applications, variation of pH and electrolytic time. The results showed that the potential applications of obtained 5 volt with best pH 2 with a time of electrolysis for 15 minutes. At room temperature, liquid waste elektrokoagulasi batik provide a decrease of absorbance 98,53%, whereas the decline of COD content, TSS and turbidity of each is 83,64%, 99,27% and 98,57%. The test showed any semblance of FTIR absorption that appeared between waste before deposition of electrolysis and electrolytic results. This shows that most of the coloring has been inseparable from liquid waste and ektrokoagulasi methods can be applied to resolve the colored liquid waste.

According to the survey results conducted IKK emotional discharge Research Institute (DRI) Investor receives Daily, Tuesday (7/2). Whereas ITB is the result of a survey conducted the Central Board of Statistics (BPS).

Chief Economist with  speak, consumers feel worried over rising food prices. It concerns articulated by 74,9% of consumers surveyed, up compared to December 2010 as much as 67,2%. “As a result, consumer confidence index down by 2.3% to 82,3 after down 1.9% in December,” explained Purbaya.

IKK, i.e. components that formed the present situation index (ISS) that shows the current state down by 6.8% to 62.5 because consumers pass judgement is worse for the State of the economy and employment at this time. As for other components, which shows the IKK State future the expectations index (IE), relatively unchanged at 97.1.

Purbaya exposes, the decline in optimism against the prospect of economic society in the next six months making plans consumers to buy durable goods declined. It looks from a decrease in the percentage of 27.4% in December to 25.1%.

“It seems the more cautious consumers and more careful consideration in buying goods in order to set aside money to prepare for the opportunities the worsening economic conditions in the future,” he take apart.

On the other hand, the head of BPS Rusman Heriawan said the perception that business on the I quarter of 2011, slightly down compared 106,56 position quarter IV 2010 amounted to 106,63. “All sectors of the economy in the first quarter is expected to increase its business condition I with the sectors of electricity, gas, and clean water are increasing most high,” he’s obviously.

The value of the third sector’s reach the index 107,81. While business conditions in the financial sector, real estate, and services companies are relatively stagnant with the value of the index 100,44.

Inflationary Pressures Are Reduced

Despite an increase in food prices, overall consumer inflation pressure is reduced am sure in the next six months. Consumers who feel confident prices would go up in the next six months fell from 93,3% to 89.8%.

This makes the index measuring consumer sentiment against inflation down 2.5% from 192,3 be 187,5. However, the index was still well above the value of 100. “This shows that most people still feel worried over rising prices,” said Purbaya.

In the meantime, consumer confidence index (IKKP) against the Government which showed consumer confidence on the ability of the Government of carrying out his duties, weakening 1.4% to gold 90.5 in January from 91,8 on last December.

According to Purbaya, three of the five components that make up the IKKP decreased. The largest reduction occurred in a component that shows the ability of the Government in maintaining price stability (associated index down by 8.2% to 60.3).

Meanwhile, consumer perception index (ITK) in Jabodetabek does BPS found the fact that economic conditions throughout the consumer I 2011 projected quarter better than the previous quarter, i.e. from 101,09 to 106,49.

According to Rusman, repair of such consumer economic conditions due to an increase in estimated case household income. However, index plan the purchase of durable goods decreased with the value of index is predictable 84,16 due to 62,97% of respondents did not plan to buy durable goods.

“At the time, I was really fascinated by mass customization,” he says. “And, when I was introduced to the jewelry industry by a fellow classmate, I fell in love with it.”

The duo introduced their design-your-own jewelry vision to brick-and-mortar stores, where customers could access Lauzon’s software via computers. But the partners quickly realized they’d have more success working independently online. “To deliver a really unprecedented experience, we knew we needed to control everything, including customer care, what we were choosing to merchandise and how we were pricing it,” says Lauzon, whose partner soon went off to start another business.

Within months of launching the Gemvara website in February 2010, Lauzon, 27, had one of his biggest aha moments: “When we realized that the vast majority of our customers had never bought jewelry online before, it meant we had a shot at becoming the biggest jewelry company in the world online or off.”

How to achieve that? By delivering an experience that customers would find more pleasant than shopping in a jewelry store. “When we speak to customers on live phone, chat or email, we’re essentially providing customers the same personal experience a local jeweler provides,” says Lauzon, “but with a bigger selection, the ability to customize, and an approach that starts with providing a great customer experience rather than unloading inventory.”

Growth spurt: Since its launch, Boston-based Gemvara — which keeps no inventory and, instead, sources gemstones as needed from suppliers — says it has sold more than a million pieces of made-to-order jewelry. They are created from more than 1,500 designs, 26 gemstones and eight precious metals. Lauzon declines to discuss financial results but says the number of orders more than tripled in 2011, and similar growth is expected this year. Monthly page views — about three million in December — have increased 20-fold since Gemvara’s debut, according to Lauzon. And the company — which has raised more than $25 million in financing — has grown to 70 employees from 20, including a recent hire from Zappos who is Gemvara’s chief experience officer.

To understand Charles Phillips journey from Little Rock to being a CEO of Infor, it’s necessary to trace his career path. Before serving Oracle he worked with the famous Morgan Stanley as a Managing Director. After years of leaving the company, even today he has maintained his ties with the company as one of its directors. Other famous companies and important organizations at which he is serving as a director are the American Museum of Natural History, Jazz of Lincoln Center and Viacom Corporation. It’s interesting to learn that before beginning his career in the Wall Street he was with the United States Marine Corps as served the position of a Captain.

Charles Phillips Infor gained his education in undergraduate degree from United States Air Force Academy. He graduated from this institution with BS in computer science. Later, he joined Hampton University and graduated with an MBA. He also went ahead to pursue JD degree from New York Law School. As it’s clearly visible, he was trained in various fields and took interest in diverse fields. Probably this led him to shine in various sectors when it came to his career. In the year 2009, he was given the opportunity to be on the President’s Economic Recovery Council. This council played a major role in advising the President on how to best tackle the recession.

In 2010, Charles Phillips Infor made it to the headlines, as there were a lot of incorrect rumors, which hit the online world. However, being a professional, as he was, he never let anything have an impact on his professionalism. This is one of the reasons, why even his current employer, Infor, has been able to make a considerable amount of movement against their competitors, in spite of all the events, which have been happening around him.

The best types of solicitors to look for are those that offer a “No Win No Fee” policy in which you do not pay anything for your mesothelioma claim and they will guarantee that you will keep all of your compensation. In some cases, they may also advise you to take out an insurance policy that will protect you if for some reason your mesothelioma compensation does not work out like you would hope. In this case you would not need to pay an insurance premium.

The best mesothelioma solicitors may also suggest ways for you to claim medical compensation prior to staring the process so everyone is happy with the financial agreement before starting. If you find a solicitor that is willing to do further investigations free of charge and even meet in a convenient place such as your home, you can feel confident that they will do their best to get the best outcome at the end.

Contrary to an artist, the basic pattern of thinking that is a work of artists will never be finished. What is called from the success stories are part of  The artist had never thought his work was perfect. Because of what perfect is part of the imperfections.

An artist has a different business opportunities with employers. Business opportunities of an artist that is what (what). Artists like a sailor who sailed the ocean without limit. Very independent artists in capturing business opportunities. Non attachment to something raw and even money is a business opportunity an artist.

Freedom in the work we can see from the works of Leonardo Da Vinci. In the country we can see the work of Affandi. Both men were able to represent the artists whose work is so free and independent. They do not reach or find a business opportunity but a business opportunity to them.

Leonardo Da Vinci is rich in ideas and innovation. Technology nowadays has the same root with the ideas of Leonardo Da Vinci. Call it an airplane, helicopter turns out the design drawings have been created by Leonardo Da Vinci. Medical technology draws on the work of Leonardo Da Vinci. Detailed picture of the organ in the human body is so detailed and vivid. Leonardo Da Vinci described the organ to necropsy. Leonardo Da Vinci is one success story of an artist from abroad.

Homage to expressionist painter Affandi. At first, he drew a realist style. Sense of dissatisfaction and rebellion that gave birth to graffiti firm, coarse and strong. The theme of the paintings displayed by Affandi in the form of social criticism, revolutionary. In the current phase of the life time of independence that multiprocessing such works. Phase of social and political upheaval that swept the nation Indonesia also as material objects inspired paintings by Affandi. Indonesia should be proud of yourself for having the success story of an artist like Affandi.

Management is an art. The art of managing a set of systems and rules that exist in an organization. Separateness a businessman not only oriented to the target figures alone. But it must be more than that, businessman can explore an organization like the artist (an artist). If the idea can be embodied in a person, he could become a revolutionary who can change the direction of the times.

 Company logo as a meaningful identity for a company that will introduce the existence of its products to the public. Such as there are activities that are held by an organization and the company and you become a sponsor, then your company logo will be displayed on a souvenir that is used. Sometimes the logo image can contain about vision and mission promoted by the company. Even the image of this logo can act as a “driving machine” or in other words as an encouragement to the owner and employees to realize the vision and mission. In other words, the meaning of the logo into the handle mainly instrumental in achieving corporate objectives.

Picture logo of a company usually consists of pieces of pictures or words that indicate the main characteristics that want to set up in a company. The words contained in the logo image has a meaning as an encouragement for employers and workers to do their best. Logos meaning contained in the insertion of these words are as encouragement to work. While each piece of the puzzle picture overall this logo each have a spiritual power that is able to improve the morale of employee performance. Not only that, the company logo made from pieces of sacred images will give significance to the smooth running of product marketing. Company logo image that is made well and have a high authority, capable of delivering the company to compete in the market and help in achieving peak performance.

The corporate logo serves as a means to introduce the products manufactured by the company, so the community knows who carried out the production activities of companies and believe that the goods are produced that have good quality. The emergence of trust among consumers will facilitate the marketing of products and provide distinct advantages for the company. Let’s say your company logo is made from images of traditional cuisine. Just by looking at a picture of your company logo, then the public can easily find out that your company is engaged in culinary. This shows the meaning of the logo as the identity of goods production. That way, you need not bother to inform the product that you produce to the public.

outsmart  tax is a state that makes the tax as a source of income. Tax Indonesia many kinds, ranging from income tax, value added tax, advertisement tax, and others. For you business people of course once you’re already familiar with Indonesia tax whose name billboard tax. Billboard tax is the tax paid on ads that have been made. Billboard tax payments are required. For some businessmen whose business is not growing rapidly, sometimes feels the billboard tax burden. To you who experienced problems in this regard the following solutions to outsmart the billboard tax:

First, if you put a banner on top of your roof then you will be taxed billboard. But, if you still want to put up billboards, the put it on the wall of your store. Because, billboard tax would be imposed if fitted with a position exceeds the building height. By doing this, your ad will still be visible. So it would not hurt if you move the position of advertising products.

The solution to outsmart the next billboard tax is to make a walking billboard. That means put the billboard with a combination of colors, images, and words of interest in your vehicle. Actions like this will not cost you because you put it up on your personal vehicle. In addition to outsmart the billboard tax, your product will also be widely known. By using a method like this ad you have probably read more often by the audience. All you have to remember is to make an interesting billboard that gets attention in the eyes of your prospect.

Lastly, if your store is located on the edge of the highway and you have a high building with walls that can be seen from the highway, make a billboard on the wall as you could. Set up with a design as attractive as possible. If necessary ask for help from a company you trust advertising. So that each person passes your location, they will read the advertisement that you create. This is already mostly done by the businessmen, and the result is something like this is really effective in tax outsmart the billboard.